Conformal Cooling Channel Design for Plastic Injection Molding

The constant temperature mold of molding plasticwith the ability to fabricate 3-D feature with almost
parts with high precision contours is of significance inarbitrary complexity is exceedingly useful to mould
determining not only the productivity of the injectiondesign process (Xu et al., 2001). The remaining problem
molding process but also the product quality. A solutionto be solved is how to optimize the design process of
to this challenge is the rapid thermal response moldingthe thermal system. In this paper, a systematic method
process in which uniform temperature overall the moldfor designing cooling channel is proposed. Firstly, the
part ensures the product quality by preventingfeature recognition algorithm is applied to identify and
differential shrinkage, internal stress and mold releasedecompose the moulded part into manageable
problems (Li, 2001). Many Computer-Aided-Engineeringsections so-called cooling zones. In the next step, a
(CAE) and optimization methods have been carriedsub-system of cooling channel is generated for each
out to observe and fine-tune the influences of thecooling zone. These sub-systems of cooling channels
thermal system (Park et al., 1998). The results of theseare further decomposed into smaller elements called
research works are obtained by using thermal analysiscooling cells which are easy to be analysed. Lastly, the
modules of commercial CAE packages such ascombination process of these sub-systems is done to
C-Mold or Moldflow which are based on the initialcreate a complete conformal cooling system for the
designs generated by the human. By given an initialwhole plastic part based on the constraints of the
thermal configuration design, efficiency and quality ofcombination algorithm and design rules.
the molded part can be predicted before an actualNowadays, feature-based modeling has been a
plastic mold is manufactured. One more necessarystandard for 3D designs. Most of the complex shapes
step for the complete automation in the moldingare obtained by synthesizing from sets of simple
thermal system is to generate the initial design for thefeatures. This design strategy is not sensitive to the
conformal cooling channels.For example <apart geometry; therefore, it keeps the simplicity of the
rel="nofollow"design routine no matter how complicated the
onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('geometry of the part is. For the same purposes of
outgoing/article_exit_link');" href=" casting mould,moldsimplicity and efficiency, the molded part is segmented
making,plastic injection mold </a> etc. In this paper,into sub-features that must be recognized for the
a featured-based approach to this problem ispartial thermal system designs. Feature recognition has
proposed. Super-quadrics is presented as a tool fordrawn much attention from researchers and been
recognizing the plastic part shapes and an algorithm isproposed in literatures (Lentz et al., 1993). The majority
applied for generating the center line of the thermalof these has based on machining feature recognition
sub-system of each individual surface. Finally, thesetechniques which can be classified in three categories:
sub sets of center lines are combined to create agraph-based methods, volumetric methods and
unique center line which is the guide line for generatinghint-based methods. Although recent machining feature
the cooling channel of the thermal system.recognition technique can be a good solver for parts
Conformal cooling channel, as the name implies, referswith complicated intersecting feature, this technique is
to the channels that conform to the surface of thenot appropriate for detecting shape feature for
mould cavity. Conformal cooling channels havethermal system design of plastic products. In plastic
demonstrated simultaneous improvement in productionproducts, free-form surfaces are mostly used and
rate and part quality as compared with conventionalhence, free-form features have to be processed.
production tools. In the previous researches, cooling lineFurthermore, a shape feature in a plastic part may
design and fabrication have been confined to relativelyblend smoothly to another feature and the boundaries
simple configuration, primarily due to the limits of thebetween features can not be explicitly defined. With
fabrication method used to make tools, but also due tothese two reasons, neither graph-based methods,
the lack of appropriate design methodology.volumetric methods nor hint-based methods can be
Emergence of Solid Freeform Fabrication processesapplied.